1PGDCA1 – FOC & IT Notes

UNIT-I

Computer System Concepts, Application area, advantage & disadvantage, Components of a computer system Control unit, ALU, Input/Output, Memory, Mother Board, Generations of computers, Configurations of Computer system, Types of PCs- Desktop, Laptop, Notebook, Palmtop, PDA, Special Purpose computers, Supercomputers Characteristics and area of Uses, Primary Vs Secondary Memory, RAM, ROM, EPROM, PROM.

Various Storage Devices- Magnetic Disks, Hard Disk Drives, Floppy, Disks, Zip Drive, Optical Disks, CD, VCD, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD, DVD-RW, Blue Ray Disc, flash drives SD/MMC Memory cards, Solid-State Drive (SSD).

UNIT-II

Input Devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Trackball, Joystick, Scanners, Digitizing tablet, Digital Camera, MICR, OCR, OMR, Light pen, Barcode & Barcode Reader, Quick Response Code (QR Code), Voice Recognition, Touch Screen.

Output Devices: Monitors- Characteristics and types of monitor, Size, Digital, Analog, Resolution, Refresh Rate, Interlaced/Non-Interlaced, Dot Pitch, Video Standard- VGA, SVGA, XGA etc. Printers and its Types Impact and Non-Impact printer, Dot Matrix, Inkjet, Laser, Plotter, 3D Printers, Sound Card and Speakers

UNIT-III

Software and Its Need, Types of Software- System Software, Application Software, System Software- Operating System- definition & function, Device Drivers & Utility Programs, Introduction & Features of DOS, Windows. Programming Languages- Machine, Assembly, High Level, 4GL, their Merits and Demerits, Uses of Assemblers, Compilers and Interpreter.

Application Software and its Types- Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Presentation Graphics, Data Base Management, Desktop Publishing, communication, Educational, Graphics & Multimedia, Business Accounting, MIS, Gaming and ERP Software etc.

Computer coding system-ASCII, ISCII and Unicode, Number system of computer Binary, Octal, Decimal, Hexadecimal their conversion.

UNIT-IV

Use of communication and IT, Communication Process, Process, Component of communication- sender, receiver, transmission medium & protocol, Communication types Simplex, Half Duplex, Full Duplex. Communication Channels- Twisted, Coaxial, Fiber Optic, Modem-Working and characteristics. Types of network- client/server and peer-to-peer networks, Types of connections- Dialup, Leased Lines, ISDN, DSL, RF, Broad band uses, advantages & disadvantages.

Types of Network- LAN, WAN, MAN, Internet, VPN etc., Topologies of LAN- Ring, Bus, Star, Mesh and Tree topologies- structure, uses, advantages & disadvantages. Components of LAN- Media, NIC, NOS, Network devices Bridges, HUB, Routers, Repeater, Gateways uses, advantages & disadvantages

UNIT-V

Disk Operating System (DOS): Introduction, DOS Basics – Drive Name, FAT, File and Directory Structure and Naming Rules, Booting Process, DOS System Files.

DOS Commands: Internal – DIR, MD, CD, RD, COPY, COPY CON, DEL, REN, External- TREE, FORMAT, SORT, FDISK, MODE, ATTIRIB, HELP, SYS etc., Concepts of Free/Open Source and proprietary software, applications and use of computer in various fields.

LINUX: History & Features, Hardware Requirements of Linux, Various flavors of Linux, Linux Standard Directories, Functions of Profile and Login Files in Linux, Linux Kernel, Login and Logout from Linux System, Linux commands- bc, cal, cat, cd, clear, cmp, cp, mv, date, find, ls, pwd, mkdir, more, rm, rmdir, chgrp, chmod, who, whois.