Table of Contents
External DOS Commands
External DOS commands are commands that are not available in the computer’s main memory but are stored on disk as separate program files. As soon as you give an external command, the command processor looks for its corresponding file on disk and loads it into memory if found. With this, the execution of that command begins. To run external DOS commands, it is necessary that their version should be the same as that of your MS-DOS, otherwise the message ‘Incorrect Version’ will appear and the command will be cancelled.
Following are the main external DOS commands of MS-DOS:-
APPEND, DOSKEY, HELP, MOVE, SORT, ATTRIB, DOSSHELL, KEYB, MSAV, SYS, CHKDSK, EXPAND, LABEL, NLSFUNC, TREE, DELTREE, FASTOPEN, MEM, MSBACKUP, UNDELETE, DISKCOMP, FORMAT, MEMMAKER, PRINT, XCOPY, DISKCOPY, GRAPHICS, MORE, RESTORE
1. Label:-
LABEL With the help of this command, you can see the label and serial number of the drive. And can also change. Label size can be 11 characters in windows xp and 32 characters in windows 7. And you can also delete the level from it.
Syntax – c:>LABEL <Drive Name>
Example – c:>LABEL A:
2. Tree:-
Tree With the help of this you can see the directory and file in tree format. The switch /F is used to view the file.
Syntax – c:>TREE / [Switch] [path]
Example – c:>TREE /F micro
3. Chkdsk:-
The full name of CHKDSK is Check Disk, with the help of which secondary memory is checked.
Syntax – c:> CHKDSK <Drive Name>
Example – c:> CHKDSK D:
4. Append:-
Append This command provides the path to the data file. This command works similar to the path command. With the help of this command, three main tasks are done. You can see the path of the data file. Can break path. Can set path.
see path – c:>append
Path to break –
c:>Append;
No Path
Setting Path –
Syntax – Append= data file address; other data file address
Ex – c:>Append=c:micro;d:Soumitra
5. DiskCopy:-
DiskCopy This command is used to copy floppy disk. Because most of the floppy gets damaged due to repeated use. That’s why it is necessary to have a copy of more than one floppy.
Syntax – c:>Diskcopy <First Drive Name> <Second Drive Name>
Example – c:>DiskCopy A: A:
Enter Source Disk in drive A:
And press any key
Enter target Disk in Drive A :
And press any key
Note – The size of both the floppy should be same. The floppy in which to copy should be formatted and diskcomp command should be run after copying.
6. DiskComp:-
DiskComp This command is used to compare two floppy disks. This command is used after diskcopy. From this it is checked whether any file has not been missed while copying. If the size of both the discs is equal then the correct copy is done, if the size of both the discs is not the same then the correct copy is not done.
Syntax – c:>DiskComp<First Drive Name> <Second Drive Name>
Example – c:>diskcomp A: A:
7. SYS:-
SYS The full name of this command is system. This command is used to create bootable disk. This copies the bootable file to the disk. After the process is complete, a system transferred message appears indicating that the disk has become bootable. The computer can be started from bootable disk.
Syntax- C:>SYS A:
Example- C:>SYS A:
8. Help:- With the help of this command, you can see the help of the command of MS-DOS.
Syntax – c:>HELP <command Name>
Or
c:>Command Name /?
Example – C:>dir/?
9. Print:-
Print With the help of this command, printout of one or more files can be removed simultaneously. This command is available in version 2.0 onwards of DOS.
Syntax – Print <file Name>
Example – C:>Print micro.txt
10. Doskey:-
DOSKEY This command is like a camera. This command starts from version 5.0 of DOS, which commands run after this command. Those records go on. And it can be seen later. and can be used. F7 is used to see the record command. And use Alt + F7 to clear the command history. Commands can be viewed with the help of UP and Down Arrow.
Syntax – c:>DOSKEY
Example – C:>DOSKEY
11. Attribute:-
Attribute With the help of this command, you can see the attribute of file and folder. And can also change. There are four types of attributes in files and folders.
❖ Read:- With this attribute only files and directories can be read.
❖ System Command:- With this attribute, files and directories can be converted into system files and directories.
❖ Archive Command:– “+” can set attribute from this and “-” removes attribute from this.
Syntax – ATTRIB +/- ATTRIBUTES [PATHFILE OR DIRECTORY NAME]
12. Backup Command:-
With this command, backup of any directory and file can be taken in any other disk, therefore it is necessary to take backup. Because the file created in the computer can also be damaged due to many reasons, if the backup of that file is taken then it can be recovered. Restore Command has to be used to retrieve the file.
Syntax: – c:>Backup <source address> < destination disk or address>
Edit [pathfile name or new file name]
Example: – c:>backup c:micro A:
13. Edit Command:-
You can modify the already created file with this command. And can also create a new file. This is the editor of DOS. It has a menu system. So that we can complete our work more easily. Mouse can also be used in this. To exit the editor, use the sub command exit of the File menu.
Syntax – c:micro>edit student
Example – c:micro>edit student
14. Move Command:-
With the help of this command, you can move any file from one place to another. 1 file moved message comes after the move.
Syntax – move <Source addressFile Name > <Destination Address>
Example – move d: computer e:
15. Format Command:-
This command is used to format the disk. Care should be taken while running this command. Along with this, its switch can also be used. Due to which formatting can be done in different ways. This command is used when the data of the entire disk has to be deleted at once. /Q This switch is used for quick format.
Syntax – c:>FORMAT/ [SWITCH] Drive Name:
Example – c:>FORMAT /Q d:
Warning all data on non – removable disk
Drive d: will be Lost!
Proceed with format (Y/N)? _Y
Volume label (Enter for none)? _
16. Fdisk Command:-
With this command, the partition of the disk is deleted and new partition can also be created. This command should be run very carefully and carefully. There are three types of partitions in a disk.
1. Primary partition
2. Extend partition
3. Logical partition
Delete Partition:- To delete a partition, first delete the logical partition. After this, delete the extended partition. And finally delete the primary partition.
Logical>Extend Partition>primary Partition
Create Partition:- To create a partition, first create a primary partition. After this create extended partition. And finally create logical partition.
Primary>extend>logical
C:>Fdsisk
Yes
1.Create Partition
2.Delete Partition
3.Display Partition
Choose any
17. Sort Command:–
With the help of this, you can sort the mater of the file on the basis of column. And you can see the sorted contains and save it in a new file.
Syntax – c:>Sort File Name
or
Sort filename>>new file Name
Example – c:>Sort computer